Arcanebra

22 trumps · 0 to XXI

The Major Arcana

archetypes · life lessons · turning points · the inner journey · the larger pattern

The Major Arcana are the twenty-two picture cards that stand outside the four suits: the Fool, numbered 0, and the trumps numbered I to XXI, from the Magician to the World. Where the Minor Arcana describe the everyday weather of a life, the majors are usually read as its larger themes: forces, turning points and lessons that shape a period rather than a day. When several majors appear in one reading, many readers take it as a sign that the question touches something more than circumstance.

Their images draw on the shared stock of late medieval European art: virtues such as Justice, Temperance and Strength; figures of authority such as the Emperor and the Hierophant; the heavenly bodies; and the Christian last things of Death and Judgement. Waite and Smith kept the traditional subjects but reshaped many of them, adding the symbolism of the Golden Dawn and of Western esoteric tradition. The High Priestess sits between the pillars of Solomon's Temple, the Lovers become Adam and Eve in the garden, and the Wheel of Fortune is ringed with Hebrew and Latin letters and the four living creatures of Ezekiel's vision.

The majors are often read as a sequence as well as individually. They can be arranged in three rows of seven after the Fool, read as stages of a life, or followed as a story in which each card answers the one before. One of those readings, the Fool's journey, is set out below.

Read the trumps as a story: the Fool’s journey

The Fool, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Fool 0 · 🜁 Air The Magician, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Magician I · ☿ Mercury The High Priestess, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The High Priestess II · ☽ Moon The Empress, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Empress III · ♀ Venus The Emperor, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Emperor IV · ♈ Aries The Hierophant, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Hierophant V · ♉ Taurus The Lovers, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Lovers VI · ♊ Gemini The Chariot, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Chariot VII · ♋ Cancer Strength, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Strength VIII · ♌ Leo The Hermit, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Hermit IX · ♍ Virgo Wheel of Fortune, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Wheel of Fortune X · ♃ Jupiter Justice, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Justice XI · ♎ Libra The Hanged Man, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Hanged Man XII · 🜄 Water Death, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Death XIII · ♏ Scorpio Temperance, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Temperance XIV · ♐ Sagittarius The Devil, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Devil XV · ♑ Capricorn The Tower, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Tower XVI · ♂ Mars The Star, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Star XVII · ♒ Aquarius The Moon, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Moon XVIII · ♓ Pisces The Sun, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The Sun XIX · ☉ Sun Judgement, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 Judgement XX · 🜂 Fire The World, Rider–Waite–Smith tarot, 1909 The World XXI · ♄ Saturn

History of the trumps

The majors began as the trionfi, the trump cards added to the Italian pack in the fifteenth century for a game in which they outranked the ordinary suits. Their order and numbering varied by region before settling in the Marseille pattern; the Fool was originally unnumbered and acted as an excuse rather than a trump. The phrase Major Arcana, greater secrets, is a nineteenth-century occult coinage, usually credited to Paul Christian, and the idea that the twenty-two cards correspond to the twenty-two Hebrew letters goes back to an essay printed by Court de Gébelin in 1781. Waite followed the Golden Dawn in placing Strength at VIII and Justice at XI, the reverse of the Marseille order, so that Strength fell with Leo and Justice with Libra in the order's astrological scheme.

The trumps at a glance

No.CardUprightHebrew letterAttribution
0The Foolnew beginnings, trust, curiosityAleph א🜁 Air
IThe Magicianwillpower, skill, focusBeth ב☿ Mercury
IIThe High Priestessintuition, inner knowledge, mysteryGimel ג☽ Moon
IIIThe Empressabundance, nurture, creativityDaleth ד♀ Venus
IVThe Emperorauthority, structure, stabilityHeh ה♈ Aries
VThe Hierophanttradition, teaching, institutionsVav ו♉ Taurus
VIThe Loverslove, union, a meaningful choiceZayin ז♊ Gemini
VIIThe Chariotdetermination, willpower, victoryCheth ח♋ Cancer
VIIIStrengthinner strength, courage, compassionTeth ט♌ Leo
IXThe Hermitsolitude, introspection, inner guidanceYod י♍ Virgo
XWheel of Fortunecycles, change, turning pointKaph כ♃ Jupiter
XIJusticefairness, accountability, cause and effectLamed ל♎ Libra
XIIThe Hanged Mansurrender, pause, a new perspectiveMem מ🜄 Water
XIIIDeathendings, transition, letting goNun נ♏ Scorpio
XIVTemperancebalance, moderation, patienceSamekh ס♐ Sagittarius
XVThe Devilattachment, temptation, compulsionAyin ע♑ Capricorn
XVIThe Towersudden upheaval, revelation, collapse of a false structurePeh פ♂ Mars
XVIIThe Starhope, renewal, calmTzaddi צ♒ Aquarius
XVIIIThe Moonuncertainty, intuition, illusionQoph ק♓ Pisces
XIXThe Sunjoy, clarity, vitalityResh ר☉ Sun
XXJudgementawakening, calling, reckoningShin ש🜂 Fire
XXIThe Worldcompletion, wholeness, achievementTav ת♄ Saturn